Justice Tshiqi gained experience as an attorney having practiced for 14 years prior to becoming a judge in 2005. She is an activist for constitutional transformation which is evident from the work she does with the Regional Judges Forum, where they deal with issues such as human rights, gender, TB prevention, and HIV awareness.

Early Years and Career

Zukisa Laura Lumka Tshiqi (born Qingana), was born in Cefane, a small area in the Eastern Cape in 1961. Justice Tshiqi views her father as a contributor to her resolve to work hard, his drive influenced her life and subsequent determination.

She studied at the University of Witwatersrand where she obtained her B Proc degree in 1989 and an Advanced Diploma in Labour Law from Rand Afrikaans University (now University of Johannesburg) in 2001.  She was appointed as Legal Co-Ordinator of the South African Council of Churches from 1986 to 1989. In 1991, she completed her Articles of Clerkship at Neluheni Attorneys. She was subsequently admitted as an attorney of the High Court in 1991. Justice Tshiqi was then appointed as a Professional Assistant in 1991 at Matlala Attorneys where she worked with various matters and various areas of law. In 1992, she was appointed as the Litigation Officer and Trial Advocacy Trainer of the Black Lawyers Associations until 1994 when she opened her own practice and was practicing as such from 1994 to 2005. During 1995 to 2005, she was also appointed as Senior Commissioner of the CCMA and the bargaining councils. Justice Tshiqi is a qualified trainer, facilitator and mediator and she is a trainer at an ad hoc basis for the South African Judicial Institute.

In 2003 to 2004, she was appointed as an Acting Judge of the High Court and the Labour Court. In 2005, she was appointed as a Judge of the High Court. In 2007, she was appointed as Acting Judge at the Competition Appeal Court and in 2009, she was appointed as Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeal where she presided over many matters for 10 years prior to her appointment at the Constitutional Court.

Appointment to the Constitutional Court

Justice Tshiqi regards her appointment to the Constitutional Court as an honour and privilege. 

Personal details

2 May 1964, Port Elizabeth.One child

Education

Matric: Kenneth Masekela High School, Kwa-Thema, Springs
B Proc (1987) University of the North, Limpopo

Professional history

• Attorney, N Mhlantla & Associates: 1990 – 31 May 2002
• Acting Judge, Eastern Cape High Court: April 2000 – 30 September 2000
• Judge of the High Court, Eastern Cape: 1 June 2002 – 30 November 2008
• Acting Judge, Supreme Court of Appeal: 1 June – 30 November 2008
• Judge of Appeal, Supreme Court of Appeal: 2009

Introduction/Summary

Justice Steven Arnold Majiedt is a current Justice of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of South Africa. He was appointed in 2019, leaving his seat at the Supreme Court of Appeal, where he was first appointed in 2010. Prior to this, Justice Majiedt was an advocate at the Northern Cape Society of Advocates, before his first judicial appointment at the Northern Cape High Court in Kimberley in 2000.

Justice Majiedt’s practising career was characterised by significant political work, and his ethos is primarily centred on advocating for the voiceless. During Justice Majiedt’s time as a judge he has ruled on matters both complex and controversial – ranging from international criminal law to the interpretation of statutory licensing requirements.

Early Life

Justice Majiedt was born in Kenhardt, a small town in the Northern Cape, to parents who were both educators. His father was an activist committed to liberation in the region. When he was eight years old, his father was appointed as the principal of a primary school, leading the family to relocate to Barkly West. He matriculated at William Pescod High School in 1978 and completed a BA(Law) in 1981 followed by an LLB in 1983, both from the University of the Western Cape.

In 1984, upon completing his LLB, Justice Majiedt hoped to practise as an attorney in Kimberly; however, he was unable to secure a position at a law firm to complete his articles necessary for admission as an attorney, mostly due to apparent discrimination on the part of White firms, only one of which granted him an interview. As such, Justice Majiedt decided to go to the Cape Bar and practise as an advocate. In 1984, he joined the Cape Bar and began work on the famous 5^th floor of Huguenot Chambers. This floor was notoriously known as the “ANC/UDF” floor, due to the political alignment of the advocates which composed its ranks. Justice Majiedt worked here alongside the likes of Adv. Dullah Omar, who later became his mentor.

The same year that Justice Majiedt began practicing as an advocate, he was awarded the prestigious Fulbright Scholarship to complete an LLM at Stanford University in the USA. Nonetheless, Adv. Dullar Omar advised him to stay; Justice Majiedt recalls Adv. Omar as saying, “you can’t go, we need young lawyers to fight in the trenches”. Again in 1987 Justice Majiedt received an offer to complete his LLM, this time at North Western University in Chicago, USA; again, he declined the offer, this time due to family reasons. Though Justice Majiedt admits he would have liked to have completed an LLM, he still maintains that he has no regrets for not taking up the offers at the time, concluding that he was able to learn instead from some of the greatest jurists in South African history and to make a modest contribution to the liberation struggle by defending many political activists. 

Justice Majiedt later joined the Northern Cape Premier’s Office as the Chief Legal Adviser for the Province from 1997 until 1999, before leaving again for practice. In 2000, while one year back in practice as an advocate in the Northern Cape Society of Advocates, he was appointed as judge in the Northern Cape High Court where he worked for 10 years, until 2010. In 2010 he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeal and also acted for short stint at the Constitutional Court from January to May 2014. On 11 September 2019 was appointed by the President Cyril Ramaphosa to the Constitutional Court.

Career highlights

Justice Majiedt considers many of the highlights of his career to be the people with whom he has worked with. Notably, Justice Majiedt recalls that he learned much from working with anti-Apartheid activist, lawyer and minister, Adv. Dullah Omar. Adv. Omar, who worked just two chambers down from Justice Majiedt’s chambers during his time at Huguenot Chamber, and the two worked together on numerous cases, with Justice Majiedt considering Adv. Omar as one of his great mentors.

Likewise, Justice Majiedt recalls with fondness having worked closely as an advocate with judicial juggernauts such as the former Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa, Arthur Chaskalson; the former Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa, Ismail Mahomed; former Justice Thembile Skweyiya; the former Deputy Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa, Dikgang Moseneke; former Judge President Bernard Ngoepe; and the former Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa Pius Langa. Justice Majiedt attributes much of his experience to that which he gained from working with these individuals.

Another of Justice Majiedt’s career highlights was his role in having assisted in the holding of South Africa’s first free democratic elections in 1994, when he was asked to travel back to his home province, the Northern Cape for this purpose. Shortly thereafter, Justice Majiedt spent some time assisting in ensuring that the Northern Cape became operational as a Constitutional Province with the appropriate structures of governance, before returning back to his practice as an advocate.

Of course, Justice Majiedt’s appointments to the High Court in 2000, the Supreme Court of Appeal in 2010, and the Constitutional Court in 2019 are also some of the highlights of his career.

Ultimately, however, Justice Majiedt recalls,

“My greatest highlight was representing and defending people from all backgrounds and all walks of life during the liberation struggle. Not just the high-profile, high-media cases, but even those who were arrested for minor offences…”

Key Judgments

National Commissioner of the South African Police Service v Southern African Human Rights Litigation Centre and Another [2014] ZACC 30

This judgment concerned whether or not the South African Police Service had a duty in terms of South African domestic laws and international law, to investigate allegations of torture committed in Zimbabwe by the Zimbabwean police against civilians. Primarily, the judgment centred on South Africa’s obligations under international criminal law (particularly the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court) to undertake such investigations. In a unanimous judgment of the Constitutional Court, Justice Majiedt found that the implications of South Africa’s accession to the Rome Statute rendered an obligation on SAPS to investigate these grave allegations, noting:

“Our country’s international and domestic law commitments must be honoured. We cannot be seen to be tolerant of impunity for alleged torturers. We must take up our rightful place in the community of nations with its concomitant obligations. We dare not be a safe haven for those who commit crimes against humanity”.

Commissioner, SARS v MultiChoice Africa (218/10) [2011] ZASCA 41 (29 March 2011)

This judgment concerned a highly technical matter surrounding the correct tariff classification of a particular model of digital satellite decoder under South Africa’s customs and excise framework. In particular, the parties contested the correct head of classification for the decoder, which was complicated due to the multiplicity of functions capable of being performed by that particular decoder. That the judgment achieved unanimity in the Supreme Court was impressive, particularly owing to the complexity of the matter.

Cool Ideas 1186 CC v Anne Christine Hubbard and Another [2014] ZACC 16

In this case, the Constitutional Court, in following the leading judgment of Justice Majiedt, found that an arbitral award which was made in favour of an unlicensed building company should not be enforced. Traversing a multitude of areas of law, Justice Majiedt balanced principles of statutory interpretation, the law of arbitration (including international laws), criminal law, terms of licenses, contract law, and the Housing Consumers Protection Measures Act. For this judgment, Justice Majiedt secured the majority of the Court’s agreement, despite it being a highly contentious case which resulted in the production of an additional and nuanced concurring judgment, and a weighty dissent.

Family and Personal Life

Justice Majiedt is married to Rowena Mandy, who was a teacher before becoming a successful businesswoman. Justice Majiedt and his wife have a daughter, Corrine Mandy. Justice Majiedt and his family live in Johannesburg, though he enjoys travelling, both within South Africa and internationally. Both Justice Majiedt and his wife are avid golfers, though he admits that he wishes he was better at the sport.

Quotes from and about Justice Majiedt

“I believe that judges should always remember that they are mere mortals. They are human beings who are prone to mistakes and shortcomings just like any other person. For this reason, judges should always remain humble and remember too, that they are servants of the people, and never better than those people who they serve.” – Justice Majiedt

“My inclination will always be for the downtrodden, the oppressed, for the little guy. Because that’s how I grew up, that’s what shaped my whole philosophy as a young lawyer.” – Justice Majiedt

“Not once in more than 10 years have I come across a candidate about whom no one had a bad word to say. Until Majiedt.” – Franny Rabkin (News Editor, Mail & Guardian), following Justice Majiedt’s appointment to the Constitutional Court in 2019.

Interesting Facts

Justice Majiedt recounts, referring to his former workplace on the 5^th Floor of the Huguenot Chambers, fondly known as the ‘ANC/UDF’ floor, that “One year there was a bomb scare, in 1986, and the guys sitting on the 14th or 15th floor said, ‘Just check if the fifth floor guys are there. If the fifth floor guys are there, it’s a hoax.”

Justice Majiedt traces his family name to a Muslim slave, who was brought from the Island of Java, Indonesia to the Cape in South Africa. His ancestor was one of three brothers, who at the time spelled their name ‘Magiet’. Today there are many Magiets in the Cape Peninsula, some of whom were notably prominent in non-racial cricket during Apartheid. The brother from whom Justice Majiedt traces his name however, migrated inland from the Cape before converting to Christianity and falling in love with a Khoisan woman, whom he then married. Justice Majiedt thus traces his heritage, the unique spelling of his name, and his Christian tradition from this couple.

Personal details

•     20 March 1964, St Cutherts, Tsolo, Eastern Cape
•     Husband: Dabulamnazi Mlokoti
•     Three children

Education

•     Matric: St John’s College, Mthatha
•     B Proc (1986) University of Transkei
•     LLB (1988) University of Natal
•     LLM (1990) Duke University, NC, USA

Professional history

•     Attorney’s Clerk, Dazana Mafungo Inc, Mthatha: 1987 – 1988
•     Court Interpreter and Prosecutor, Magistrates’ Court, Mthatha: 1988 – 1989
•     Legal Policy Counsel & Lobbyist, Womens’ Legal Defense Fund, Washington DC
•     Assistant State Law Adviser, Mthatha: 1991 – 1993
•     Pupillage, Johannesburg Bar: 1993
•     Law Lecturer, University of Transkei: 1993 – 1995
•     Practising Advocate, Transkei Bar: 1994 – 1999
•     Acting Judge, Cape High Court, Mthatha High Court: 1999
•     Judge, Mthatha High Court: 2000
•     Acting Judge, Labour Court, Grahamstown, Port Elizabeth, Bisho High Courts
•     Acting Judge, Supreme Court of Appeal: 2005
•     Judge of Appeal, Supreme Court of Appeal: 2006
•     Acting Judge; Constitutional Court, January to May 2011
•     Acting Judge; Supreme Court of Namibia: 2008;
•     Appeal Court, Lesotho: 2015
•     Deputy President; Supreme Court of Appeal: 2015
•     Acting President; Supreme Court of Appeal: 2016 - 22 May 2017
•     President; Supreme Court of Appeal: June 2017
•     Deputy Chief Justice; Constitutional Court: September 2022 - August 2024
•     Chief Justice of the Republic of South Africa: September 2024

Other activities

•     Vice President; International Association of Women Judges: 2023    
•     Chancellor of the University of Mpumalanga: 2021
•     Member of the Judicial Service Commission: 2017
•     Council Member: South African Judicial Education Institute: 2017
•     Founding Member (2002); Deputy President (2008 - 2010);President (2018 - 2023): South African Chapter of the International Association of Women Judges
•     Regional Director: West and Southern Africa; International Association of Women Judges: 2021 - 2022
•     Member; Duke University [USA] Bolch Judicial Institute Leadership Council: 2020
•     Board Member; University of Free State Law Faculty: 2020
•     Advisory Board Member; Yearbook of South African Law: 2020
•     Advisory Board Member; South African Law Journal: 2019
•     Board Member; National Bar Examinations Board: 2016 - 2024
•     Chairperson; South African Law Reform Commission: 2013 - 2016
•     Member; Commonwealth Association of Law Reform Commissions: 2013
•     Patron; Lawyers Against Violence: 2013
•     Trustee; South African Institute for Advanced Constitutional, Public, Human Rights and International Law: 2012
•     Editorial Board Member; University of Transkei Law Journal: 2004 – 2005 

Honors and Awards:

•     LLD (Honoris Causa) University of South Africa: 2023
•     Eastern Cape Chamber of Business Annual Law Award: 2020    
•     Duke Law Alumni Association International Award: 2020
•     LLD (Honoris Causa) Nelson Mandela University: 2018
•     LLD (Honoris Causa) Walter Sisulu University: 2019
•     LLD (Honoris Causa) University of Fort Hare: 2020 (conferment deferred for Covid-19)
•     Felicia Kentridge Award: 2022 
•     South African Chapter of the International Association of Women Judges Recognition Award for contribution to gender transformation in the judiciary: 2010; 2016
•     Recipient of the South African Women Lawyers Association History & Icon Programme: 2012
•     Commonwealth Foundation Fellowship: 2002
•     Fulbright Scholarship: 1989-1990
•     Georgetown University Law & Gender Fellowship Program: 1990